1. Phonics: The ability to match letters with their corresponding sounds. Students must learn the sounds of letters and how to blend them together to read words.
2. Vocabulary: Students must learn new words and their meanings through context and word-picture associations.
3. Reading comprehension: Students need to learn how to understand and interpret the meaning of what they read.
4. Grammar: Students need to learn the basic grammar rules, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and sentence structure.
5. Writing: Students must learn to express themselves through writing, including learning how to form letters and words and using basic grammar and punctuation.
6. Handwriting: Students must learn to write legibly and neatly using correct letter formation.
7. Speaking and listening: Students need to learn to communicate effectively through speaking and listening, including taking turns in conversation and listening actively.
8. Literature: Students need to be exposed to different types of literature, such as stories, poems, and nonfiction.
9. Poetry: Students need to learn about different types of poetry, such as rhyming, free verse, and haiku, and how to read and understand poetry.
10. Informational text: Students must learn to read, understand and respond to nonfiction texts.

It’s important to note that these are just some of the topics that first-grade students should learn and that the specific curriculum and objectives will vary depending on the school district and state. Additionally, as a teacher, you should also be aware of different learning styles and strategies to adapt the teaching to meet the needs of all students.

Essential Vocabulary that first graders need to learn.

1. Basic sight words: words that are commonly used in reading and writing, such as “the,” “is,” “and,” “a,” “to.” These words are often taught in a memorization technique, as they do not follow regular phonics rules and are hard to sound out.
2. Numbers: Students need to learn to recognize and write numbers from 0-20.
3. Colors: Students need to learn the names of basic colors, such as red, blue, green, yellow, etc.
4. Shapes: Students need to learn the names of basic shapes, such as circle, square, triangle, rectangle, etc.
5. Opposites: Students need to learn words that have opposite meanings, such as hot/cold, big/small, up/down, etc.
6. Action words: Students need to learn words that describe actions, such as run, jump, swim, etc.
7. Adjectives: Students need to learn words that describe nouns, such as big, small, happy, etc.
8. Personal pronouns: Students need to learn words that replace nouns, such as I, you, he, she, it, etc.
9. Family words: Students need to learn words related to family members, such as mother, father, sister, brother, etc.
10. Basic concept words: Students need to learn basic concepts such as time (morning, afternoon, night), seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter), etc.

It’s important to note that these are just some of the words that first-grade students should learn, and the specific vocabulary will vary depending on the school district and state. Also, as a teacher, you should also be aware of different learning styles and strategies to adapt the teaching to meet the needs of all students.Regenerate response